The recommendations of the American Heart Association from a 1996 panel state that some form of pre-participation cardiovascular screening for high school and college student-athletes is compelling – for ethical, legal and medical reasons.
Although specific tests, such as ECG, echocardiogram (ultrasound of the heart) or stress testing during exercise, can help diagnose heart disease, they are not recommended routinely. In view of the very low frequency of heart-related athletic deaths, it is likely that mass diagnostic screening would result in more "false positive" results than results indicating actual heart disease.
It is up to the individual physician to decide, based on a complete medical history and physical examination, which tests are appropriate for his or her young patients.